Corporation

Acreage
(or hectares)

Locations

Notes

Abitibi-Price (Canada)

23,666,219

Canada and U.S. Georgia

Owns 1.2 million; timber rights to 19 million.

Alabama Power

145,000

U.S. Alabama

Alliance (Canada)

6,600,000

Canada

Timber rights.

Aokam Perdana (Malaysia)

256,000 ha

Malaysia (Sabah)

Aokam Perdana (Malaysia)

3,400,000 ha concession proposed

Burma

Associated Kaolin Industries (Malaysia)

105,758 ha

Gabon

Atlantic Industries (Malaysia)

80,000 ha

Belize

Austral Amalgamated (Malaysia)

60,000 ha concession proposed

Cameroon

Avenor (Canada)

28,170,540

783,000 owned

18,900,000 rights

Barito Pacific (Indonesia)

6,671,700

Indonesia

Holds 2.7 million of Indonesia's 51.5 million hectares

of forestry concessions.

Berjaya Group (Malaysia)

Solomon Islands

600,000 and 45,000 hectare concessions aborted.

Berjaya Group (Malaysia)

300,000 ha concession proposed

Surinam

Berjaya Group (Malaysia)

760,000 ha concession proposed

Guyana

Best World Land Mum Loong (Malaysia)

250,000 ha concession proposed

Laos

Boise Cascade

1,331,000

U.S. Idaho, Oregon, Washington

Boise Cascade was founded by Frederick Weyerhaeuser; some of Boise Cascade’s Northwest land holdings are based on the 19th century Northern Pacific Railroad grant lands acquired by Weyerhaeuser.

Boise Cascade

284,000

U.S. South

Leases and contracts.

Boise Cascade

3,038,000

Canada

Government licences.

Boise Cascade

308,000

U.S. Midwest, Canada Central

Owns.

Boise Cascade

418,000

U.S. South

Owns.

Boise Cascade

51,000

U.S. Northwest

Leases and contracts.

Boise Cascade

667,000

U.S. Maine

Owns.

Bowater (as subsidiary of Great Northern)

2,088,432

U.S. Maine

Canadian Pacific Forest Products

24,700,000

Canada British Columbia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec

Owns or holds tenures.

Canadian Pacific Railway

14,000,000

Canada

Government land grant for building transcontinetal railroad.

Champion International

U.S. Maine

Champion International

1,539,000

U.S. Gulf states

Champion International

1,562,000

U.S. West

Champion International

1,621,000

U.S. Northeast

Champion International

1,675,000

U.S. Southeast

Champion International

42,000

Canada

Weldwood of Canada subidiary.

Champion International

98,844

Brazil

Eucalyptus; plans 1000-sq km export chip plantation.

Chew Piau Eastern Era (Malaysia)

507,3000 ha concession proposed

Papua New Guinea

Coastal Forest Lands, Inc.

70,000

U.S. California, Sonoma and Mendocino Counties

Continental Group

1,300,000

U.S.

Crown Zellerbach

1,700,000

U.S.

Bought by Anglo-French corporate raider Sir James Goldsmith (Cavenham) in 1985; Crown Zellerbach was dismantled, including its 313,000 acres on Olympic Peninsula and in Southwest Washington. The CZ mills went to James River; 257,000 acres of CZ land went to Portland-based Crown-Pacific; Goldsmith’s Cavenham held 200,000 acres in Washington (82,000 on the Olympic Peninsula) and 500,000 in Oregon.

Daishowa (Japan)

4,000,000 ha

Canada (Alberta)

Alberta, Canada: Peace River Pulp mill joint venture with Marubeni.

Daishowa also has interests in the Quesnel River Pulp and the Cariboo Pulp and Paper mills in British Columbia, Canada.

Australia: exports chips from its Harris-Daishowa joint venture in New South Wales and Victoria.

Damansara Realty (Malaysia)

121,000 ha

Papua New Guinea

Danzer (Karl Danzer)(Germany)

22,000,000

2.3 to 3.5 million ha

Zaire, Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire

Zaire: Ten concessions, equal to ten percent of Zaire’s forests and 40 percent of its logging, are in the Societe Industrielle et Forestiere Zairo-Allemande , or Siforzal joint venture with the Zairean government. Brazilian mahogany (1980s); 7,000 ha plantation in Argentina (1990s). Cameroon subsidiary is Grumes de Cameroun (GRUMCAM). Cote d'Ivoire concession of 380,000 ha is named Societe Industrielle et Forestiere de Cote d'Ivoire (SIFCI).

Diamond International

1,300,000

U.S.

Diamond Occidental Forest-James River

536,000

U.S. Maine

Diamond International owned 762,000 acres (plus 109,000 acres "in common and undivided ownership with other owners") in the 1970s.

Domtar (Canada)

14,826,600

Canada

ENSO (Finland)

1,173,773

Finland

Partly state-owned.

Fischer family (GAP)

300,000

U.S. California

From Louisiana Pacific.

Fletcher Challenge

New Zealand

Fletcher Challenge Canada (Western Forest Industries)

205,092

Canada

Owns or government licenses.

Fort James

2,400

U.S. Maine

Fraser Papers

230,000

Georgia Pacific

Brazil

Exported logs from Amazon port Portel until 1990, when it sold 1,850,000 acres to the Brazilian government.

Georgia Pacific

Philippines

Operated 1958 to 1982, then sold its concessions.

Georgia Pacific

Indonesia

Operated saw/plywood mills in East\Kalimantan with Bob Hasan from 1960 to 1983; G-P sold large concessions, but continues to import plywood.

Georgia Pacific

6,000,000

U.S. and Canada

Owns 5.7 million acres in U.S. and Canada; controls another 681,000 acres, 70 percent in the South, 20 percent in the East, and 10 percent in the West.

Georgia-Pacific

122,090

U.S. Louisiana

Georgia-Pacific

129,807

U.S. Oklahoma

Georgia-Pacific

158,118

U.S. North Carolina

Georgia-Pacific

169,694

U.S. South Carolina

Georgia-Pacific

192

U.S. Kentucky

Georgia-Pacific

197,700

U.S. California

Georgia-Pacific

22,471

U.S. Texas

Timber.

Georgia-Pacific

254,337

U.S. Wisconsin

Timber.

Georgia-Pacific

268,464

U.S. Oregon

Georgia-Pacific

28,124

U.S. Pennsylvania

Georgia-Pacific

298,048

U.S. West Virginia

Georgia-Pacific

336,463

Canada New Brunswick

Georgia-Pacific

452,626

U.S. Maine

Georgia-Pacific

465,498

U.S. Florida

Georgia-Pacific

488,035

U.S. Maine

Just before the 1990 acquisition of Great Northern Nekoosa, which owned more than 2,000,000 acres in Maine (see Great Northern Nekoosa entry).

Georgia-Pacific

72,212

U.S. Alabama

Georgia-Pacific

755,212

U.S. Arkansas

Georgia-Pacific

76,814

U.S. Virginia

Georgia-Pacific

787,035

U.S. Mississippi

Glunz (Germany)

500,000 ha

Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon

In 1992, bought French company Isoroy, largest tropical plywood producer in Europe. From its concession of 300,000 ha in Gabon's Bee forest, Glunz subsidiary Leroy gets Okoume logs for plywood production in France. Glunz seeks certification from the Forest Stewardship Council. Glunz has plans to get timber from Equatorial Guinea and Congo from 1997.

Great Northern Nekoosa

2,700,000

2,950,000

U.S. Maine

Great Northern Nekoosa was acquired by Georgia Pacific in 1990.

Hipa Heavy Machinery (Malaysia)

600,000 ha

Laos

Honshu Paper (Japan)

24,711

Papua New Guinea

Hyundai (Korea)

Russia, Siberia, Primorskiy Krai

Thirty-year logging agreement signed in 1990; much of the timber is exported as raw logs.There have been attempts to expand into the Upper Bikin region.

Hyundai (Korea)

Solomon Islands

Two licenses in the western province; court-ordered to pay compensation for trespass and illegal logging.

Idris Hydraulic (Malaysia)

1,250,000 ha concession proposed

Congo

Idris Hydraulic (Malaysia)

246,500 ha

Gabon

Idris Hydraulic (Malaysia)

256,000 ha

Malaysia (Sabah)

Idris Hydraulic (Malaysia)

3,400,000 ha concession proposed

Burma

Innovest (Malaysia)

336,000 ha

Congo

Innovest (Malaysia)

707,000 ha concession proposed

Congo

International Paper

1,500,000

U.S. Northeast

International Paper

4,200,000

U.S. South

International Paper

600,000

U.S. West

International Paper

741,330

Chile

International Paper

Mexico Chihuahua

Concessions from the San Alonso Ejido in the Chihuahuan Sierra Madre.

International Paper

790,752

New Zealand

Pine plantations. Through takeover of Carter Holt Harvey.

International Paper

967,328

U.S. Maine

International Paper

980,891

U.S. Maine

In the 1970s, IP owned 1,132,000 acres plus 426,000 acres with other owners.

Irving Pulp & Paper

561,000

U.S. Maine

Isoroy see Glunz

James River

3,756,072

13 countries

Owns five percent of Aracruz (Brazil) and 86 percent of Jamont.

Jari (Daniel K. Ludwig)

3,000,000

Brazil

Acquired for $1 an acre in 1967; planned timber and pulp, rice, cattle, and mining operation; built 2,500 miles of road; spent $1 billion; sold out to 27 companies and the government in 1982 for $280 million.

John Hancock Timber Resource Group

1,400,000

U.S. Southeast and West

In 1992, Hancock Timber Resource Group agreed to acquire 207,300 acres of tree farms in the Southeast and West, bringing its total U.S. timberland holdings at that time to approximately 1.4 million acres.

Kimberly-Clark

3,756,072

20+ countries

More than 20 countries; controls half the world tissue market.

Klabin (Brazil)

3,756,072

Brazil

KTS Group (Malaysia)

415,000 ha concession proposed

Brazil

Kumpulan Emas (Malaysia)

466,143 ha

Solomon Islands

Land and General Bhd (Malaysia)

193,281 ha

Papua New Guinea

Land and General Bhd (Malaysia)

800,000 ha

West Papua (Irian Jaya)

Lien Hoe (Malaysia)

152,000 ha

Liberia

Lien Hoe (Malaysia)

180,000 ha

Indonesia

Longview Fibre

500,000

U.S.

Louisiana Pacific

122,200

U.S. Oregon

Louisiana Pacific

209,000

U.S. Louisiana

Louisiana Pacific

30,000

U.S. Minnesota

Louisiana Pacific

482,000

U.S. California

Louisiana Pacific

675,000

U.S. Texas

Louisiana Pacific

8,600

U.S. Idaho

Macmillan Bloedel

197,680

U.S. Alabama, Mississippi

Owns.

Macmillan Bloedel

2,036,104

Canada: British Columbia

Tenure agreements and cutting rights.

Macmillan Bloedel

252,042

U.S. Alabama, Mississippi

Tenure agreements and cutting rights.

Macmillan Bloedel

558,466

Canada: British Columbia

Owns.

Macmillan Bloedel

763,539

Canada: Saskatchewan

Tenure agreements and cutting rights.

Mafira Group (Malaysia)

760,000 ha exploratory concession

Guyana

Mead

1,337,359

Mead

660,000

US Maine, NH, VT

Mitsubishi (Japan)

24,711

Chile

Mitsubishi (Japan)

9,000,000 ha

Australia: Tasmania deal with North Forest Products.

Brazil: Eidai do Brasil Madeiras plywood operation.

Canada: Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries (Al-Pac) pulp mill has a timber base of 7,300,000 ha. Also runs the Canadian Chopstick Mfg Co (CCMC).

Chile: ASTEX and Forestal Tierra Chilena (FTC) exports chips from 11,000 ha of holdings.

Papua New Guinea: front company United Timber.

U.S.: exports chips from Pacific Northwest.

MoDo (Sweden)

Controls holdings of German firm PWA.

MoDo (Sweden)

2,545,233

Sweden

Controls holdings of German firm PWA.

Murray Pacific

55,000

U.S. Washington

Including Mineral Tree Farm west of Rainier National Park.

MUSA (Indonesia)

370,650

22,239,000

Surinam

Parent corporation is Porodisa; MUSA Indo-Surinam got the 150,000 ha Apura concession in western Surinam in 1993 by incorporating as 70 separate companies. MUSA seeks timber, mining, and palm oil concessions of 9,000,000 ha (half of Surinam's land area).

New Oji Paper (Japan)

7,000,000 ha

New Oji was created by the merger of Oji, Honshu, Kanzaki, and other paper corporations; New Oji is tied to the Mitsui group. Has mills in Canada, Germany, New Zealand, and the U.S. Chip facilties in Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, and Vietnam (Song Be and Binh Dinh provinces). Joint ventures in Brazil (Celulose Nipo-Brasileira CENIBRA and Japan-Brazil Pulp Resources JBP, with pulp mill at Minas Gerais), Thailand, and Chile. Al-Pac operation in Canada. ChipDeco mangrove chipping in Kalimantan, Indonesia. Honshu controlled the Japan and New Guinea Timber Company (JANT) from the 1970s.

Noranda Forest (Canada)

14,270,603

Pacific Forest Products

300,000

Canada, British Columbia, Vancouver Island

Canadian Pacific Railway subsidiary.

Plum Creek

1,600,000

U.S. Montana, Idaho

The 1.6 million acres represents more than 90 percent of the timber industry land in Montana; a small percentage of this acreage is in Idaho. Plum Creek is a spin-off from the 19th century Northern Pacific Railroad land grant.

Plum Creek

330,000

U.S. Washington

In the Cascade Mountains of central Washington.

Plum Creek

529,000

U.S. Louisiana, Arkansas

Acquired from Riverwood International in 1996.

Plum Creek

930,000

U.S. Maine

Acquired from Sappi in 1998.

Pope Resources

72,000

U.S. Washington

Pope & Talbot.

Potlatch

345,000

U.S. Minnesota

Aspen, jack pine, red pine, balsam fir.

Potlatch

497,000

U.S. Arkansas

Southern yellow pine, hardwoods.

Potlatch

678,000

U.S. Idaho

Potlatch was founded in 1903 by Frederick Weyerhaeuser. Its Idaho lands are based on 19th century Northern Pacific Railroad grant land acquired by Weyerhaeuser. Potlatch is interlocked with Weyerhaeuser and Boise Cascade; Weyerhaeuser family members owned some 40 percent of Potlatch stock in 1980s.

Western white pine, white fir, red cedar, Douglas fir, larch.

Prentiss & Carlisle Mgt

970,000

U.S. Maine

Primegroup Holdings Ltd (Malaysia)

??? ha

Papua New Guinea

Primegroup Holdings Ltd (Malaysia)

800,000 ha

Guyana

Prudential Insurance

920,000

U.S.

Rayonier

253,000

New Zealand

Owns or holds harvesting rights.

Rayonier

400,000

U.S. Washington

Olympic Peninsula.

Repap (Canada)

16,198,061

Rimbunan Hijau (Malaysia

4,942,000

Papua New Guinea

Concessions equivalent to more than half of PNG total production; exported as raw logs. Rimbunan subsidiaries in PNG include Pacific Logging (Vanapa), and New Guinea Lumber.

Rimbunan Hijau (Malaysia)

???

Vanuatu, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, New Zealand

Rimbunan Hijau (Malaysia)

1,976,800

Malaysia (Sarawak)

Rimbunan Hijau (Malaysia)

111,195

New Zealand

Owns and has logging rights.

Rimbunan Hijau (Malaysia)

114,650 ha

Cameroon

Rimbunan Hijau (Malaysia)

305,000 ha

Russia (Khabarovsk)

In 1997, Rimbunan got a 48-year-lease on 305,000 ha of forest in the Khabarovsk region in the far east of Russia for US$450,000 (RM1.71mil).

Rimbunan Hijau (Malaysia)

553,997 ha

Brazil

Rougier Ocean (France)

Gabon

Rougier's three subsidiaries have the largest foreign holding in Gabon timber; more than 90 percent of Gabon's timber cut is exported as raw logs. Rougier violated a 1995 agreement with IUCN when it logged inside the core conservation zone of the Ipassa Mingouli Project, allowing allow poachers to enter the zone to hunt gorillas and chimpanzees; Ebola outbreak in the area.

Rougier Ocean (France)

130,000 ha

Cameroon

Cameroon: 130,000 ha through Societe Forestiere et Industrielle de la Doume (SFID); sawmill at M'Bang, veneer and plywood plant at Dimako; exports logs to France, Italy, Spain, and Japan. Half of Cameroon's debt to France was cancelled in 1994 in exchange for access to Cameroon timber; French President Mitterand's son was shareholder in SFID.

Rougier Ocean (France)

150,000 ha

Central African Republic

Rougier subsidiary Societe Centrafricaine de Deroulage (SCAD) has a 150,000 ha concession.

Samling (Malaysia)

1,976,800

Cambodia

Through a 1994 agreement equivalent to almost five percent of the country’s area and twelve percent of its remaining forest.

Samling (Malaysia)

3,706,500

Malaysia (Sarawak)

Samling (Malaysia)

4,200,700

Guyana

Through a 1991 Barama joint venture agreement between Samling and Sung Kyong; 25-year license to log 1.7 hectares in northwest Guyana. Malaysian and Korean corporations hold 4,000,000 acres of timber concessions in northwest Guyana.

Samling (Malaysia)

993,694 ha concession proposed

Brazil

Sappi (South Africa)

988,440

South Africa

SCA (Sweden)

5,683,530

Sweden

Plantations.

Scott Paper (Kimberly-Clark)

1,800,000

U.S.

Scott Paper (Kimberly-Clark)

853,000

U.S. Maine

1970s estimate.

SDS Lumber

10,026

U.S. Oregon

SDS Lumber

41,030

U.S. Washington

Seven Islands Land

1,011,000

U.S. Maine

Sierra Pacific Industries

1,100,000

U.S. California

Owns one million of California’s seven million acres of private timberland. Based on U.S. railroad land grant; in 1987, Sierra acquired 520,000 acres in northern California from Santa Fe Pacific Corporation for $260 to $312 million; in 1990, Sierra acquired 27,500 acres in northern California from Fibreboard for $32 million; in 1992, Sierra acquired three lumber mills and 33,000 acres in California from Willamette Industries, which had acquired them from Bohemia (Eugene, Oregon).

Sierra Pacific Industries

1,300,000

U.S. California

Simpson

117,000

U.S. Oregon

Simpson

268,000

U.S. Washington: Thurston, Mason, Grays Harbor counties

Simpson

380,000

U.S. California

Solid Timber (Malaysia)

??? ha

Papua New Guinea

Solid Timber (Malaysia)

500,000 ha

Malaysia (Sarawak)

Solid Timber (Malaysia)

760,000 ha exploratory concession

Guyana

St Regis

751,000

U.S. Maine

1970s estimate.

Stoltze Land & Lumber

25,000

U.S. Montana

Stora (Sweden)

1,482,660

Canada

Stora (Sweden)

3,706,650

Sweden

Stora (Sweden)

35,831

Chile

Pine plantations.

Stora (Sweden)

494,220

Portugal

Eucalyptus plantations.

Temple Inland

1,300,000

U.S. Texas, Louisiana

Temple Inland

500,000

U.S. Alabama, Georgia

Tenaga Khemas (Malaysia)

793,354 ha

Guyana

Timbermaster Industries (Malaysia)

12,100 ha

Malaysia (Sabah)

Timbermaster Industries (Malaysia)

12,100 ha

Gabon

Timbermaster Industries (Malaysia)

220,000 ha concession aborted

Malawi

Concession aborted.

Timbermaster Industries (Malaysia)

500,000 ha concession proposed

Madagascar

Time

1,500,000

U.S.

Trillium

625,000

Chile, Tierra del Fuego

Acquired in 1993; Bayside is a Trillium affiliate. The proposed "Rio Condor" cutting in Chile was halted by a Chilean court in 1996.

Trillium

75,000

Argentina, Rio Grande

Lenga Patagonia was acquired by Trillium in 1994.

Union Camp

1,700,000

U.S.

UPM-Kymmene (Finland)

2,471,100

Finland

Wausau-Mosinee

2,400

U.S. Maine

Weyerhaeuser

Malaysia Sabah

1967 to 1988.

Weyerhaeuser

Phillipines

1966 to 1982.

Weyerhaeuser

1,259,000

U.S. Oregon

Much is based on 19th century railroad grant land acquired by Weyerhaeuser.

Weyerhaeuser

1,544,000

U.S. Washington

Most is based on Northern Pacific Railroad grant land acquired by Weyerhaeuser.

Weyerhaeuser

2,789,000

U.S. South

Weyerhaeuser

Weyerhaeuser

27,035,000

Canada

Long-term license arrangements for 7,453,000 acres in Alberta, 2,899,000 acres in British Columbia, 4,221,000 acres in Ontario, and 12,462,000 acres in Saskatchewan.

Weyerhaeuser

New Zealand

In 1998, acquired a 51 percent interest in 193,000 acres of managed forestland and related assets of the Nelson Forest Products joint venture located on the northern end of the South Island consisting of 151,000 acres of Crown Forest License cutting rights and approximately 42,000 acres of freehold land.

Weyerhaeuser

243,000

Uruguay

Weyerhaeuser's World Timberfund holds a 97 percent interest in the Colonvade, S.A. venture that has acquired private grazing land in Uruguay to be converted into plantation forests.

Weyerhaeuser (as International Timber Company of Indonesia)

250,000

Indonesia Kalimantan

Obtained 20-year concessions in 1971; logged about half; sold ITCI to Indonesian partners in early 1980s.

Willamette Industries

100,000

U.S. North Carolina, South Carolina

Willamette Industries

103,000

U.S. Tennessee

Willamette Industries

280,000

U.S. Oregon

Willamette Industries

563,000

U.S. Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas

WTK Group (Malaysia)

400,000 ha

Malaysia (Sarawak)